Q: What is the location and common problem with the EGR valve?
A: The EGR valve is usually located on the intake manifold, adjacent to the carburetor or TBI unit. Most of the time when a problem develops in this emissions system, it's due to a stuck or corroded EGR valve. On earlier models its possible to check the valve operation. With the engine cold to prevent burns, push on the EGR valve diaphragm. Using moderate pressure, you should be able to press the diaphragm in-and-out within the housing. On earlier models it is possible to check the EGR valve by reaching under it and pushing on the diaphragm with a finger-it should move smoothly within the housing. If the diaphragm doesn't move or moves only with much effort, replace the EGR valve with a new one. If in doubt about the condition of the valve, compare the free movement of your EGR valve with a new valve.
Q: What is the purpose of the EGR Vacuum Solenoid and EGR Valve?
A: The Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system reduces nitrogen oxides by recirculating exhaust gas into the intake manifold. The EGR valve, controlled by a modulator, adjusts based on load conditions. California fuel-injected vehicles also have a sub-EGR valve managed by a PCM-controlled Vacuum Switching Valve (VSV). To inspect the system, ensure the EGR valve diaphragm moves when the engine is cold and warm. Use a vacuum pump to test the valve if unresponsive. Examine hoses for damage and replace if needed. Test the EGR modulator and BVSV for vacuum retention. Check the TWSV or VSV for airflow. For 1999+ models, verify the EGR valve's resistance. To replace, disconnect and remove the old component, clean surfaces, and install the new part.