Q: What is the purpose of the Canister Purge Valves and Vapor Canister on Cadillac ElDorado and Fleetwood?
A: The Evaporative Emission Control (EVAP) System reduces evaporated hydrocarbons from entering the atmosphere. The EVAP charcoal canister stores fuel drawn from the tank. The PCM commands the EVAP solenoid to open, purging the canister by drawing fuel into the throttle body. The system includes the purge valve, vent valve, fuel tank, and pressure sensor. Tests are performed to ensure proper functioning. Faulty components, blocked lines, and fuel system leaks can affect performance.
Q: What is the function and maintenance procedure for the Evaporative Canister?
A: The Vapor Canister is designed to limit gasoline vapor discharge into the air when the vehicle is not operating. This system transfers fuel vapors from the fuel tank to a charcoal canister storage device, which absorbs and stores the vapors until they can be burned in the engine. When the engine is running, the fuel vapor is purged from the carbon element by intake airflow and consumed in the normal combustion process, facilitated by the EVAP purge solenoid valve. Split, cracked or improperly connected hoses; damaged canister; malfunctioning purge solenoid could turn out to be reasons of poor idle, stalling or poor driveability. It will only be necessary to service this vapor canister if it becomes clogged, is cracked or contains liquid fuel. The canister shall be replaced as it necessitates replacement i.e. it cannot be disassembled but must be replaced as a unit. Check for cracks, damage or signs of liquid fuel on The Evaporative Emission Canister. If any of these conditions are found, replace the canister. Hence, tag and detach all hoses attached to the charcoal canister; unbolt and remove canister; bolt down a new canister and finally bolt back all hoses unto it.